AFGHANISTAN 1878 MEDAL CLASP KANDAHAR & STAR TO 1477 PTE CHAPMAN 260TH FOOT

Afghanistan Medal (1878 – 80) 1 clasp KANDAHAR, period engraved 1477 PTE W. CHAPMAN. 2/60TH FOOT. Kabul to Kandahar Star, un-named as issued. Court mounted for display & comes with copy service papers, medal roll and research. Both medals in superb condition.

William Chapman was born 1856 in Worton, Northampton. He was working as a groom and was serving in the Militia when he joined the 2/60th Foot in Winchester on the 27/2/1877.

His service covered: Home 27/2/1877 – 29/10/78. India 30/10/78 – 23/1/79. Afghanistan 24/1/79 – 7/9/80 (A Company). Mari Campaign 8/9/80 – 24/11/80. India 25/11/80 – 24/1/81. South Africa 25/1/81 – 11/1/82. Home 12/1/82 – 26/2/89. Discharged Winchester time expired 27/2/83 to live at 6 Stanford Pl, Kings Rd, Fulham, & served in the reserve – 26/2/89.

From the book: A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE KING’S ROYAL RIFLE CORPS.

In the autumn of 1878 the 2nd Battalion, commanded in the absence of Lieutenant-Colonel J. J. Collins by Major Cromer Ashburnham, was quartered at Meerut, and formed part of the 1st Brigade, 1st Division, under Lieutenant-General Sir Donald Stewart, which, upon the outbreak of the Afghan War, was directed upon Kandahar. After a trying march of 440 miles (one day thirty miles across the desert without a man falling out) Kandahar was occupied without resistance on the 8th of January, 1879. In the following September there was a rising of the Afghans at Kabul, and the British envoy and his escort were massacred. An advance upon Kabul, the necessary retort to such an outrage, was accordingly made by two columns, and after severe fighting Kabul was occupied by Lieut.-General Sir Frederick Roberts.

April 19th, 1880, AHMAD KHEL.

On the 27th of March, 1880, Sir Donald Stewart’s Division of 7250 men was directed to leave Kandahar and march upon Kabul. On the 19th of April the Afghan Army attacked the column on the march at Ahmad Khel, when, concealed in the khors and gorges of the hills, a large body of Ghazies charged boldly upon the flank of the first line. Carrying all before them, the issue for a time seemed doubtful, but the stubborn courage of the British column won the day, and the formidable Ghazies after suffering great loss, were totally defeated. The 2nd Battalion then commanded by Collins, had the ill-fortune to be taking its turn of rear and flank guard on this particular day, but, on hearing the firing, at once hurried to the scene in time to bear a leading part in retrieving the critical situation and aid in turning what at the onset threatened to be a serious reverse into a decisive victory. G Company, however, under Lieut. Davidson, allotted to the permanent duty of escort to Sir Donald Stewart, played a prominent part in meeting the first sudden onslaught of the Ghazies, and did much to stem the rush which at the moment seemed likely to be overwhelming. Continuing the march, the Battalion was present at the surrender of Ghuznee, and at the fight 28 of Urzoo on the 23rd of April when the Afghans were again defeated. The column finally reached Kabul on the 28th of the same month, thus accomplishing a notable march. It had covered 320 miles in thirty-five days over a hostile, difficult, and almost unknown country, fought two general actions, and captured a fortress.

In July Ayub Khan defeated a British force at Maiwand, and besieged General Primrose in Kandahar. The Battalion, already distinguished for its marching powers and steady discipline, was selected to form part of the Relief Force of 10,000 men, which left Kabul under Sir Frederick Roberts on the 9th of August, and reached Kandahar on the 31st. This march—by the same route as that of Sir Donald Stewart, but at the hottest time of the year—was effected in twenty-four days, inclusive of halts, giving an average of 13·3 miles per diem, or of 14·5 for the days of actual marching.

Aug. 21st, 1880, KANDAHAR.

On the 21st of August Sir Frederick Roberts had notified in the orders of the day that the city of Kandahar was completely invested, characteristically adding that he “hoped Ayub Khan would remain there.” This wish was duly realised, for the Afghan leader was found in position for battle, and on the following day, September the 1st, he was attacked in front and flank, and completely routed; the whole of his guns and camp (which had been left standing) were captured by the victorious troops. On the 8th of September the 2nd Battalion left Kandahar to take part in the Mari Expedition, which lasted for two months and entailed much hard marching; there was not, however, any fighting. On the termination of the campaign the Commander-in-Chief in India published the following General Order:

“The 2nd Battalion 60th Rifles has throughout the war maintained its high reputation for efficiency. In the 29march from Kandahar to Kabul, at Ahmad Khel, in the memorable march from Kabul to Kandahar, and the subsequent expedition to the Mari country, the 60th Rifles were remarkable for their discipline and marching powers. In the operations above described the Regiment marched 1000 miles in 100 days. No light feat anywhere, but in such a country as Afghanistan it is one well worthy of record in the annals of the British Army.”

In addition to the war medal, a special bronze star was given for the march from Kabul to Kandahar. It is worthy of note that khaki was worn, and that this was the first campaign in which the Regiment, since it had become Rifles, had fought in any colour but green.